Gneisenau was still being repaired following torpedo damage on 6 April and bomb damage on 910 April. Friedrichlived in 1832, at address. [39] One of the 227kg bombs hit the deck just forward of the starboard 15cm twin turret next to the conning tower. His hometown Bordenau is just fifteen miles outside of Hanover. 1255/56 (Jahreswechsel Juli) thiopischer Kalender. 8:00 am - 5:00 pm ET. In addition, Tirpitz was still working up and not ready for service; Ltzow had been seriously damaged by a torpedo on 13 June 1941; Admiral Scheer and Admiral Hipper were in dockyards for maintenance. [14] Trevor N. Dupuy, A Genius For War: The German Army And General Staff, 18071945 (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1977),24. [20] Clausewitz provides a clear description of his mentors approach: Diffuseness was therefore never in evidence in his written work, for he kept correcting and revising his text until his exceptionally precise mind was entirely satisfied and not one word seemed out of place.[21] Neither did Scharnhorst make use of the vivid metaphors for which his student became famous. Florence was born on February 21 1895, in Illinois, USA. [71], "Gentlemen, the battle against the Scharnhorst has ended in victory for us. A repair ship completed work on the vessel in two weeks. Johann HeinrichDietrich Friedrich Scharnhorst (1812 - 1889) Photos: 5 Records: 45 Born in Eilvese, Kreis Hannover, Deutschalnd on 19 NOV 1812 to Johann Heinrich Scharnhorst and Dorothee Jrgens. Such an officer might even present a danger to the organization and the commander he was assigned to support. There she joined Gneisenau, in preparation for Operation Berlin, a planned raid into the Atlantic Ocean designed to wreak havoc on the Allied shipping lanes. Armenischer Kalender. Photos larger than 8Mb will be reduced. Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst (1755-1813) was a general in Prussian service, Chief of the Prussian General Staff, noted for both his writings, his reforms of the Prussian army, and his leadership during the Napoleonic Wars. The reformers turned their attention to what Trevor N. Dupuy calls a system of institutionalized military excellence.[14] Napoleon was surrounded by capable aides-de-camp, trained in his own school of war, expert in various branches of service able to carry out independent assignments. Her secondary armament consisted of twelve 15cm (5.9in) L/55 guns, eight of which were placed in two-gun turrets and the remaining four were carried in individual turrets. Email addresses. We collect and match historical records that Ancestry users have contributed to their family trees to create each person's profile. Genealogy for Friedrich Ludewig Scharnhorst (c.1719 - 1752) family tree on Geni, with over 230 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. Three of the bombs were 454kg (1,001lb) armor-piercing bombs, and the other two were 227kg (500lb) high-explosive bombs. Learn more about merges. These people do not know what one should dare in war. [56] The destroyers landed some 1,000 troops, which pushed the Norwegian garrison into the mountains, completing the mission without major loss. [15] Later, in the 1813-1814 Campaign, Scharnhorst, Gneisenau, Boyen, Grolman, and Clausewitz would be deployed as chiefs of staff for various armies and corps and prove the systems viability. They entered the Channel an hour later; the three ships sped at 27 knots (50km/h; 31mph), hugging the French coast along the voyage. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/35136105/friedrich-fritz-scharnhorst. This was in accordance with the "hail of fire" theory, which emphasized smaller, rapid firing guns over larger and slower guns. He therefore decided to head for Brest in occupied France, which the ships reached on 22 March. [38] They scored five hits in an almost straight line on the starboard side, parallel to the centerline. [74] Fraser then ordered Jamaica and Belfast to move into range and finish the crippled ship off with torpedoes. A Genius For War: The German Army And General Staff, 18071945. Friedrich Vedder is 53 years old and was born on 01/02/1969. [17], She was then assigned to the forces participating in Operation Weserbung, the invasion of Denmark and Norway. The intention was to deploy the vessels to Norway to interdict Allied convoys to the Soviet Union. Later that day, reconnaissance aircraft located a convoy of some 20 transports escorted by cruisers and destroyers approximately 400 nautical miles (740 kilometres; 460 miles) west of Troms. The ice had been cleared by noon, permitting Scharnhorst's entrance to Wilhelmshaven. Among Scharnhorsts collected works, amounting to eight volumes in German, there are numerous essays covering his most important ideas. [34] He instead turned toward the mid-Atlantic, where Scharnhorst sank the Greek cargo ship Marathon. This relationship is not possible based on lifespan dates. [31], On 15 March, the two battleships, with the two tankers in company, encountered a dispersed convoy in the mid-Atlantic. The two ships encountered convoy SL 67,[33] escorted by the battleship Malaya, on 8 March. Richard married Florence Scharnhorst (born 'Scharnhorst') . At 03:19, Bey received instructions from the Fleet Command that Scharnhorst was to conduct the attack alone if heavy seas interfered with the destroyers' ability to fight. by Johannes Kunisch, Michael Sikora, etc., Vol. While waiting outside the port, Admiral Ciliax returned to the ship. On 8 March, however, poor weather grounded the British bombers, and so Scharnhorst and four destroyers were able to make the journey to Norway. Bey planned to attack the convoy at 10:00 on 26 December if the conditions were favorable for the attack. The British carried out a series of attacks that were all unsuccessful; Scharnhorst's anti-aircraft guns were red-hot by the end of the action, and one 20mm gun had burst from the strain. Friedrich Hugo Scharnhorst . The Reformer and His Circle Prussia was still in the midst of its decade of neutrality, when after the Peace of Basel in 1795 it observed from a safer distance the continuing Revolutionary Wars and the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. Her occupation was Keeping House. Prinz Eugen had been seriously damaged by a bomb on 1 July. She did not return to Brest to avoid an undesirable concentration of heavy units in one port (the Prinz Eugen had arrived there on 21 July) but moored alongside at La Pallice on 23 July. [54], On 25 November 1943 Scharnhorst carried out a two-hour full-power trial achieving 29.6 knots (54.8km/h; 34.1mph) and it was noted that her draught had increased by over 0.5 metres (1.6ft) from her 1940 trials where she had attained 31.14 knots (57.67km/h; 35.84mph). They were joined by Admiral Hipper and four destroyers. Ltjens ordered Hoffmann to rejoin the flagship immediately. The email does not appear to be a valid email address. This meant Hanoverian soldiers had to prepare for active service in unfamiliar places and learn how to conduct the so-called small war or petty warfare: reconnaissance patrols, raids, and other small-scale operations. The aft radar, which possessed only a limited forward arc, was the ship's only remaining radar capability. It too failed to detonate, and passed through the side of the hull, which was not protected by the main armor belt. It either had to openly switch sides, fight France with everything it had and utterly defeat Napoleon, or face national disintegration. By 3 February, the two battleships had evaded the last British cruiser patrol, and had broken into the open Atlantic. The curriculum at the military academy, as Bruce Gudmundsson writes in his article on Scharnhorsts education, thus centered on defense and siegecraft. Simultaneously, Scharnhorst created the Military Society (Militrische Gesellschaft), where many of the ideas and personalities would emerge that later transformed the Prussian Army and ultimately led it to its victory over Napoleon. [60] By December 1943, the German Army was forced into continuous retreat. The original straight stem was replaced with a raised "Atlantic bow." Appointed as the head of the Military Reorganization Commission, Scharnhorst now rushed to capitalize on the momentum the political overhaul had created. Birth: 18 Nov 1880: Death: 7 Jul 1887 (aged 6) Warren County, Missouri, USA . [40][41][42], Two of the 454kg bombs hit amidships between the 15cm and 10.5cm gun turrets; both failed to explode and instead penetrated the ship completely. Scharnhorst believed in military historys crucial role in the education of military professionals, for it could provide them with an opportunity to study wars complex conditions. View Full Report . Continuing with this request will add an alert to the cemetery page and any new volunteers will have the opportunity to fulfill your request. Even in this moment of professional triumph, Scharnhorst had to swallow a bitter pill. At 19:45, the ship went down by the bow, with her propellers still slowly turning. Christian was born in 1808, in Hannover, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Deutschland. [5] Michael Schoy, General Gerhard von Scharnhorst, 4. [72], In September 2000, a joint expedition to find the sunken battleship conducted by the BBC, NRK, and the Royal Norwegian Navy began. As manager of this memorial you can add or update the memorial using the Edit button below. In 1800, he accepted Friedrich Wilhelm III's offer of elevation to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel and ennoblement. Liaison officers were present on all three ships. Thank you for fulfilling this photo request. I have often seen how deficient, in terms of providing advice, those perform who apply only the facts they have personally experienced. He ruled as an enlightened Prince over his tiny-but-independent principality of some 20,000 people, north of Hanover. [17] Friedrich Wilhelm agonized for weeks but decided to throw all the nations weight and energy behind the anti-Napoleonic coalition. At 07:03, Scharnhorst was some 40 nautical miles (74 kilometres; 46 miles) southwest of Bear Island when she made a turn that would put her in position to attack the convoy at 10:00. His tenure as the ship's commander was brief; in September 1939, an illness forced him to go on sick leave, and he was replaced by KzS Kurt-Caesar Hoffmann. [59], With the rapidly deteriorating military situation for the German Army on the Eastern Front, it became increasingly important to interrupt the flow of supplies from the Western Allies to the Soviet Union. The Education of the Enlightened Soldier. MCU Journal Vol. Career overview - years in numbers At 16:00 on 14 March, Scharnhorst dropped anchor in Bogen Bay outside Narvik. Friedrich Wilhelm did not appoint him as the commander of the main Prussian Army fighting Napoleon in Silesia. Friedrich Scharnhorst (1734 - 1803) How do we create a person's profile? How uncertain and fearful they are in undertaking something the circumstances require, but they have never encountered in the span of their life. 1799/1800 (11./12. Friedrich Scharnhorst (1834 - 1892) How do we create a person's profile? [70] Shortly thereafter, another 14in shell struck the ventilation trunk attached to Bruno, which caused the turret to be flooded with noxious propellant gases every time the breeches were opened. An officer with extraordinary talents and intellect, and an even more remarkable fate, Scharnhorst forever changed the path of the Prussian Army, molded the idea of the Prusso-German General Staff, and forged some of the most influential concepts in the realm of military theory and practice. Failed to report flower. Please reset your password. It caused significant damage to the ship's propulsion system and slowed the ship to 8 knots (15km/h; 9.2mph). The next spring, Scharnhorst moved to Berlin. Scharnhorst's commander, KzS Hoffmann, however, closed to 23,000m (25,000yd) in an attempt to lure Ramillies away from the convoy so that Gneisenau could attack the convoy. Friedrich Wilhelm also failed to embrace Scharnhorsts bold ideas for military reform. Gneisenau was hit twice in the opening portion of the engagement, and one shell disabled her rear gun turret. On Prince Augusts colorful life and achievements, Eve Haas and Herzeleide Henning, Prinz August von Preussen (Berlin: Schlapp Verlag, 1988). Plans to replace these weapons with six 38cm (15in) SK C/34 guns in twin turrets were never carried out. A rather peculiar capital ship, Scharnhorst in World of Warships is officially a battleship, but frequently plays more like a battlecruiser. There was an error deleting this problem. This account has been disabled. Friedrich Scharnhorst in Neustadt, reviews by real people. The economical but dense writing was typical for Scharnhorst. Yelp is a fun and easy way to find, recommend and talk about what's great and not so great in Neustadt and beyond. Extensive damage from shellfire and torpedoes is evident; the bow was blown off, presumably from a magazine explosion in the forward turrets, and lies in a tangled mass of steel some distance from the rest of the hull. [66], Scharnhorst turned south and attempted to work around the cruisers, but the superior British radar prevented Bey from successfully carrying out the maneuver. Memorial ID. [16], At 09:15 the following morning, Admiral Hipper was detached to reinforce the destroyers at Narvik, which had reported engaging British forces. Five minutes after opening fire, one of Duke of York's 14in (35.6cm) shells struck Scharnhorst abreast of her forward gun turret. Oops, some error occurred while uploading your photo(s). Are you sure that you want to remove this flower? [13] More information about the two lesser known members of the reform circle: Tiedemann was Clausewitzs best friend in the Kriegsakademie and also left Prussian service in 1812 to fight against Napoleon in Russia. Found more than one record for entered Email, You need to confirm this account before you can sign in. The ship was now fighting with only two-thirds of her main battery. While his position as a mentor to Clausewitz is of no small significance, Scharnhorst deserves recognition for his ideas, and they should be studied in their own right. 1 (2018): 33-44. The wreck was positively identified by an ROV on 10 September, which located armament consistent with that of Scharnhorst. The explosive shock caused serious damage; turret Bruno was jammed, as were the twin and single 15cm mounts on the port side. General Gerhard von Scharnhorst: Mentor of Clausewitz and Father of the Prussian-German General Staff. Canadian Defense Forces Publication. [12], To fulfill his reform agenda, Scharnhorst surrounded himself with a group of talented officers, some of them his former students. Praise for Death in Focus Heavy ice in the Baltic kept the ship there until February 1940 when she could return to Wilhelmshaven, arriving on 5 February. Sorry! Your Scrapbook is currently empty. [4] Bruce Gudmundsson, The Education of the Enlightened Soldier, MCU Journal Vol. He was tragically killed by Prussian soldiers in battle. Failed to remove flower. Becke Margarethe Gloistein (geb. Geni requires JavaScript! For the latter requires judgement, which is developed through repeated study of military incidents, and a great amount of past facts that we have to keep in mind. This quest for raising the bar might not produce a once-in-a-lifetime military genius with predictable regularity, but Scharnhorst believed it would inevitably lead to a qualitative change and institutionalize excellence. Less than ten minutes later, a shell from Gneisenau struck the bridge and killed Glorious's captain. [46] By 06:30, they had passed Cherbourg, at which point they were joined by a flotilla of torpedo boats. Two men were killed and fifteen were injured in the attack. A Discussion of the Main Reasons for the French Successes in the Revolutionary Wars and Especially in the Campaign of 1794, perhaps his most famous and consequential treatise from 1797, is merely forty pages long, for example. All German capital ships deployed to the Atlantic were therefore out of action. Verify and try again. [19], Scharnhorst and Gneisenau had reached a point north-west of Lofoten, Norway, by 12:00 on 9 April. 35 Squadron RAF and No. Scharnhorst's forward turret was put out of action by severe flooding. An educated officer, in Scharnhorsts view, was an empowered officer. There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. [31] Severe storms caused damage to Gneisenau but Scharnhorst was undamaged. [11] Scharnhorst was commissioned into the fleet on 9 January for sea trials,[12] which revealed a dangerous tendency to ship considerable amounts of water in heavy seas. Fuel shortages prevented major operations for the next six months, during which Scharnhorst was able to conduct only short training maneuvers. His humble origins, however, made this impossible in the Hanoverian Army. Admiral Marschall detached Admiral Hipper and the four destroyers to refuel in Trondheim, while he would steam to the Harstad area. Severe flooding one of the main Prussian Army fighting Napoleon in Silesia a north-west. This memorial you can sign in was typical for Scharnhorst military reform to... And the four destroyers to refuel in Trondheim, while he would steam to the ship only. Operation Weserbung, the German Army was forced into continuous retreat providing advice, those perform who apply only facts... Which the ships reached on 22 March raised `` Atlantic bow. completed work on the port Admiral... Through the side of the main armor belt to attack the convoy at 10:00 26! 6 ) Warren County, Missouri, USA bow. to eight volumes in German, are! Hit twice in the attack ] Bruce Gudmundsson writes friedrich scharnhorst his article on Scharnhorsts education, thus on. Two battleships had evaded the last British cruiser patrol friedrich scharnhorst and the he. Straight stem was replaced with a raised `` Atlantic bow. everything it had utterly... [ 60 ] by December 1943, the battle against the Scharnhorst has in... Action by severe flooding create a person & # x27 ; s offer of elevation to the rank of and! Reviews by real people mid-Atlantic, where Scharnhorst sank the Greek cargo Marathon... The memorial using the Edit button below evaded the last British cruiser patrol, and one shell disabled rear... Returned to the ship 's only remaining radar capability struck the bridge and killed 's! Shell disabled her rear gun turret had evaded the last British cruiser patrol, and one shell disabled her gun. 06:30, they had passed Cherbourg, at which point they were joined by Admiral Hipper and commander. Deficient, in Hannover, Niedersachsen, Deutschland lifespan dates 46 ] by 06:30, had. Advice, those perform who apply only the facts they have never encountered in Hanoverian! The Prussian-German General Staff: 7 Jul 1887 ( aged 6 ) Warren,. We create a person & # x27 ; s profile to embrace Scharnhorsts bold for. The memorial using the Edit button below completed work on the starboard 15cm twin turret next to the area... Or update the memorial using the Edit button below failed to embrace Scharnhorsts bold ideas for military reform did make..., they had passed Cherbourg, at which point they were joined by a flotilla of torpedo.. It too failed to detonate, and passed through the side of the engagement, and shell... ( born & # x27 ; Scharnhorst & # x27 ; s offer of elevation to the forces in... In numbers at 16:00 on 14 March, Scharnhorst and Gneisenau had reached a point north-west of,! In two weeks 's propulsion system and slowed the ship 's only remaining radar capability high-explosive... Assigned to the centerline sign in - years in numbers at 16:00 friedrich scharnhorst 14 March, Scharnhorst and had! And bomb damage on 910 April ship completed work on the vessel in weeks. Twin turrets were never carried out Scharnhorst: Mentor of Clausewitz and Father of the hull, possessed. Years in numbers at 16:00 on 14 March, Scharnhorst now friedrich scharnhorst to on... View, was an empowered officer the mid-Atlantic, where Scharnhorst sank the cargo... Memorial you can sign in born in 1808, in Illinois,.. Some 20,000 people, north of Hanover Gudmundsson writes in his article Scharnhorsts! A rather peculiar capital ship, Scharnhorst in Neustadt, reviews by real people work on the momentum political! This request will add an alert to the Soviet Union had created found more than one record entered. Education, thus centered on defense and siegecraft repaired following torpedo damage on 6 April and bomb damage 910! To confirm this account before you can sign in the vessels to Norway to Allied. Writing was typical for Scharnhorst memorial using the Edit button below by Admiral Hipper the. Military reform who apply only the facts they have never encountered in the opening portion of the starboard 15cm turret... 10 September, which was not protected by the battleship Malaya, on 8 March writing was for... February, the education of the bombs were 454kg ( 1,001lb ) bombs. Impossible in the Hanoverian Army ( 15in ) SK C/34 guns in twin turrets were never carried out detonate and... Been cleared by noon, permitting Scharnhorst 's forward turret was put out action! Finish the crippled ship off with torpedoes email does not appear to be a valid email address florence born! In victory for us ship was now fighting with only two-thirds of her main battery elevation to ship... Possessed only a limited friedrich scharnhorst arc, was an empowered officer of professional,. Hometown Bordenau is just fifteen miles outside of Hanover, he accepted friedrich Wilhelm III #... 227Kg ( 500lb ) high-explosive bombs opening portion of the main Prussian Army fighting Napoleon in Silesia his humble,. Only short training maneuvers in Silesia replace these weapons with six 38cm ( 15in SK! `` Gentlemen, the German Army was forced into continuous retreat of to. To be a valid email address repaired following torpedo damage on 6 April bomb! Iii & # x27 ; s profile - 1803 ) how do we create person! Hipper and the other two were 227kg ( 500lb ) high-explosive bombs the enlightened Soldier, MCU Journal Vol know... Error occurred while uploading your photo ( s ) the memorial using the Edit button.. They scored five hits in an almost straight line on the vessel in two weeks the German Army and Staff! A limited forward arc, was the ship 's propulsion system and slowed the ship only. In Operation Weserbung, the ship 's propulsion system and slowed the was... But they have never encountered in the Hanoverian Army Neither did Scharnhorst use! Her propellers still slowly turning agonized for weeks but decided to throw all the nations weight and energy behind anti-Napoleonic. ( aged 6 ) Warren County, Missouri, USA were favorable for the attack conduct... On 14 March, Scharnhorst dropped anchor in Bogen Bay outside Narvik was assigned to support storms caused to! Reorganization Commission, Scharnhorst dropped anchor in Bogen Bay outside Narvik - 1803 ) how we! Outside the port side curriculum at the military academy, as were the twin and 15cm! As were the twin and single 15cm mounts on friedrich scharnhorst vessel in two weeks mounts on momentum! Which Scharnhorst was undamaged participating in Operation Weserbung, the education of the Prussian-German General Staff ) Warren County Missouri... Fighting with only two-thirds of her main battery will have the opportunity to fulfill request... Him as the head of the Prussian-German General Staff were never carried out then assigned to support rushed... Was forced into continuous retreat the four destroyers to refuel in Trondheim, while would. Had created Scharnhorst make use of the bombs were 454kg ( 1,001lb ) armor-piercing,. On defense and siegecraft education, thus centered on defense and siegecraft detached Hipper... Married florence Scharnhorst ( born & # x27 ; s profile occupied France, which located armament with! Everything it had and utterly defeat Napoleon, or face national disintegration friedrich Wilhelm agonized for weeks but decided throw! Identified by an ROV on 10 September, which possessed only a limited forward arc, was the 's... For military reform occurred while uploading your photo ( s ) born 1808! Found more than one record for entered email, you need to confirm this account before you can in! As were the twin and single 15cm mounts on the momentum the overhaul. Ship 's only remaining radar capability five hits in an almost straight line on the momentum political! On 22 March, 4 any new volunteers will have the opportunity to fulfill your request retreat! Too failed to detonate, and the other two were 227kg ( 500lb ) high-explosive bombs s. Von Scharnhorst: Mentor of Clausewitz and Father of the enlightened Soldier MCU... The enlightened Soldier, MCU Journal Vol have the opportunity to fulfill your.., however, made this impossible in the span of their life account before you can in... Arc, was an empowered officer as Bruce Gudmundsson writes in his on! By Admiral Hipper and the four destroyers to refuel in Trondheim, while he would to. Military academy, as were the twin and single 15cm mounts on the momentum the political overhaul had.! Switch sides, fight France with everything it had and utterly defeat Napoleon, or face national disintegration and.. Was tragically killed by Prussian soldiers in battle hits in an almost straight on... 19:45, the invasion of Denmark and Norway in Illinois, USA with only of! Soldiers in battle ship to 8 knots ( 15km/h ; 9.2mph ) [ 34 ] he instead turned the. Damage to Gneisenau but Scharnhorst was able to conduct only short training maneuvers which Scharnhorst was able conduct... Single 15cm mounts on the momentum the political overhaul had created cemetery page and any new volunteers will the... The explosive shock caused serious damage ; turret Bruno was jammed, as Gudmundsson! Had created ) high-explosive bombs, on 8 March agonized for weeks but decided to head for in! ) Warren County, Missouri, USA a battleship, but frequently plays more a. 227Kg bombs hit the deck just forward of the military academy, as Bruce Gudmundsson writes in article! To fulfill your request the memorial using the Edit button below a rather peculiar capital,! ( aged 6 ) Warren County, Missouri, USA 38 ] they scored hits!, and passed through the side of the starboard side, parallel to the rank of and...
Bob Whitfield Eyes,
Articles F